Granulation is a significant process of providing bulk mass that finds application in many fields, including the food industry, the fertilizer industry, and above all in the medicine industry. Top spray granulation is one type of granulation among many, and perhaps the most commonly used. In this procedure, a household liquid known as binder is sprayed on the dry powder particles. This phenomenon is called powder bed; these are the powder particles. Liquid binder is used to assist the wetting of powder and agglomerate particles.
When the liquid binder is sprayed such that it starts to land upon onto the powder bed, it coats up its surrounding powder particles. The binder, upon contact with the dry powder, aids in bonding or holding the particles together. This is an important step as it helps the individual pieces of powder start to merge. When more binder is introduced, the particles begin to grow into larger agglomerates or granules. It keeps happening until the granules are large enough to form. Granule size matters though, since this determines how the end product will function.
There are many great key advantages of top spray granulation, particularly for the medicine industry. To start with, this process provides incredible size control of the granules. This matters a lot more than you would think because the granule size directly influences whether or not the medicine is bioavailable (whether or not it gets used by your body) and how accurately it can be dosed. The size of those granules affects the way in which the medicine gets absorbed into the body too, if they are too big or too small.
Furthermore, the extruder spheronizer enables uniform distribution of active ingredients in granules. They are the working components of the medicine. So it can help improve the delivery of drugs if they are dispersed evenly, ensuring that when patients ingest the medicine, they will receive the right dosage. This process can also give rise to particles that release the medicine slowly over a longer period of time. That is especially important for specific medicines that must be made available in stages such as extended-release or controlled-release types of formulations.
Still, one of the great things about top spray granulation is that you can easily automate it. Because machines aid in the process, this results in high production rates and more granules will be produced in a shorter period of time. Such efficiency is vital for drug manufacture as it increases the time, cost, and scalability to produce significant volumes of medicine in a short period.
Changes in any one of these variables too much and different qualities will result. Poorly sticking powder like too wet or high dry can produce unbalanced granules. The equipment also needs to be cleaned and maintained on a regular basis to avoid cross-contamination. For instance, it is also possible for different types of powders to unintentionally mix during the manufacturing and make the final medicine unsafe and impure through cross-contamination.
There are many granulation methods in the pharmaceutical industry and top spray granulation is one of them. This is where methods like fluid bed granulation, roller compaction(acoustic or instant), and high shear approaches come in. All of these methods have their own advantages and can be effective depending on the scenario. But for more uniform and quality granules top spray granulation works best. It provides great control of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (APIs) size and distribution within those granules.
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